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Please select the technology you are using at Choralia (mandatory):	Virtual Singer with mp3 files Virtual Singer with Myriad Music plug-in CMS Other
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Choralia is a website devoted to training aids for choirs. Choralia's final goal is to encourage the diffusion of choral music by helping choir singers to more easily study and learn their parts.

The website is online since March 2006. Some training aids were originally prepared more than 10 years before, for internal use of some choirs in Italy, without distribution via internet. The increasing number of requests to prepare training materials suggested to use internet as a convenient way to collect further requests and to distribute training aids worldwide.

Choralia is entirely run by an individual, Massimo Capozza (http://www.capozza.it). All training aids, web pages, etc., are made by him as a hobby.

Yes. Both websites share the same goal, i.e., to encourage the diffusion of choral music. CPDL is based on a collaborative model for distributing sheet music, while Choralia is an individual effort devoted to choral training aids. CPDL is a primary source of sheet music for Choralia, while Choralia sponsors CPDL by donating one third of any donations received. Massimo Capozza, manager of Choralia, is also a CPDL manager.

Yes and no. Anybody can download Choralia's training aids for free. However, the actual use of training aids is subject to Choralia's license policy, where a donation of any amount is supposed to be made by users. In reality, very few users actually donate, however such a moral duty exists (see Choralia's license policy for details).

Personal use for training purposes is allowed. You can also share Choralia's training aids with others, provided that you meet the requirements of Choralia's license policy, including, but not limited to, informing other parties that Choralia's training aids are copyrighted. The Choralia's license policy applies to anybody makes use of our training aids.

No. If, after having tried our training aids, you decide that they don't suit your needs and you don't use them, you are not supposed to donate any amount. However, if you use them, you are supposed to donate an amount that you deem as reasonable for the benefits you get.

Donations from individuals are typically in the 5 - 50 Euro range for each work. Choirs typically collect donations from several singers, so donations are typically in the 20 - 200 Euro range.

Through the "Donations" page you can donate on-line using your credit card or PayPal account. Please email us or use the "Special donation form" above if you want to use alternative ways to donate.

One third of all donations is donated to the Choral Public Domain Library (CPDL) to operate, maintain, and develop the CPDL website. The remaining amount is used to cover Choralia's operational costs, such as web hosting services, hardware/software used to produce training aids, purchasing of sheet music, etc. .

All files provided by Choralia are stored on servers physically located in United States of America. Copyright laws of U.S.A. apply. The works for which training aids are published on Choralia are either in the public domain in the U.S.A., or permission has been obtained from the relevant copyright holders, or they are provided under the "Fair Use" conditions as per Title 17, Chapter 1, para. 107 of the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976.

After Choralia's training aids are downloaded from our servers, users are responsible to meet the requirements of their local copyright laws and regulations. Please be aware that works that are in the public domain in the U.S.A. might not be in the public domain in other countries (e.g., in the European Union), due to different regulations. The "Fair use" doctrine as it is intended in the U.S.A. might not be recognized in other countries. A copyright warning is shown on the catalogue pages for works that are most likely subject to restrictions in other countries. Anyway, the ultimate responsibility to check and meet the requirements of local copyright laws when using Choralia's training aids is with the user.

The manager of Choralia, Massimo Capozza, owns all the applicable intellectual property rights of the Choralia's training aids, such as creative components added by him, electronic performance rights, broadcasting rights, etc. . Use of training aids is permitted under license. Choralia's license policy is based on the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike license policy, plus some Choralia-specific additions. Anybody who receives training aids made by Choralia is to be regarded as a Licensee, who may use the training aids under the license conditions described hereafter.

The training aids are provided for the Licensee's individual use only. However, the Licensee is allowed to copy and distribute the training aids to other people, who will automatically become Choralia's Licensees, too. The Licensee shall inform any person receiving a copy about the Choralia's license conditions described herein and about the Choralia's donation policy. Specifically, if copies of Choralia's training aids are made for other people, a donation to Choralia for each copy should be made. The donation may be made either by the person who makes the copy, or by the person who receives it. People receiving a copy of the training aids without knowing whether a donation was made or not for such a copy should consider making a donation on their own.

The Licensee who duplicates and/or distributes the Choralia's training aids must not make any profit from it. The Licensee may recover costs for materials (e.g., recordable CDs or tapes) without profit. Any copies must not be sold for profit.

The act of receiving and using any training aids made by Choralia is deemed as agreement to this license.

The license may be changed or withdrawn at any time.

The Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike license policy applies for any other conditions not described above. In the case of conflict between the above license conditions and Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike, the above license conditions prevail.

Yes, you can. However, you have to inform any person receiving a copy about the Choralia's license conditions and about the Choralia's donation policy. See details about Choralia's license policy above.

No, you cannot. You may only recover costs for materials (e.g., recordable CDs or tapes) without profit. Any copies must not be sold for profit. See details about Choralia's license policy above.

If you are a copyright holder and you believe that Choralia is infringing your intellectual property rights, please notify us via the contact information available on the top of this page. In your notification, please specify any content for which you are the copyright holder, and include the elements specified in the Digital Millenium Copyright Act of the U.S. regulations.

CMS (Client Music Synthesis) is the oldest technology, that has been discontinued (although all training aids produced in CMS technology remain available). If this technology is used, human voice is simulated using a simple "doo doo" sound, without lyrics. You cannot change tempo or transpose pitch. The advantage of this technology is that it is very simple to use, and CMS files have a very small size (typically 2 - 3 MB) for all works, even those requiring multiple audio CDs when recorded. This makes CMS technology suitable for narrow-band, dial-up telephone modems. For details about the CMS technology, please read the CMS manual.

VS (Virtual Singer) is the most powerful technology. Human voice is simulated including lyrics (however this function can be switched "on" or "off", so that CMS-alike "doo doo" sound remains available, too). You can change tempo, transpose pitch, change relative levels of voices and/or of accompaniment. VS files remain relatively small, so this technology is compatible with narrow-band, dial-up telephone modems. Its only disadvantage is that it is a little bit more complicated to use: you have to install a specific software plug-in or a specific application to use VS technology with all its capabilities, and to record audio files on mp3 players or on CDs. For details about the VS technology, please read the VS manual.

Mp3 corresponds to VS technology, however mp3 audio files are prepared by Choralia, ready-to-use, so that you can download them like any other mp3 file available on the internet, and play them on your PC, copy them to your mp3 player or to CDs, and so on. This is the most popular way of using Choralia's training aids. However, you cannot change tempo or transpose pitch with it. Furthermore, as mp3 files are relatively large, a broadband connection (e.g., DSL, ADSL) is strongly recommended. For details about the mp3 technology, please read the mp3 manual.

CMS only runs on PCs equipped with Microsoft Windows operating system. Other operating systems may be able to run it under Windows emulation.

VS runs under Microsoft Windows and on Macintosh (Mac OS X 10.3 and upper).

mp3 runs on any machine that is able to manage mp3 files.

A broadband connection is strongly recommended if you download mp3 files. If you use CMS or VS technology, a narrow-band, dial-up telephone modem connection can be sufficient.

No. Only CMS files may require some time for being processed if hardware is not powerful. Creating audio files for one CD with CMS technology may take some minutes on today's PCs, and some hours on older PCs. If you use an old PC, it may be convenient to leave the PC working exclusively on this task, for example during the night.

CMS and mp3 do not require any specific software (aside, obviously, an internet browser and software to play audio files, and/or CD recording software if you intend to make CDs). VS technology requires that the Myriad Music Plug-in or the Melody Player software are installed. The Myriad Music Plug-in and Melody Player are available, free, at the Myriad Software website. Additional software is required if you want to record CDs. Please read the VS manual for details.

Please contact us via email or using the "Technical support request form" above.

Yes, of course. Almost all training aids available in the catalogues were created upon request. Please contact us via email or using the "New work request form" above.

Yes, from a technical viewpoint you can do it yourself if you use VS technology. The Choralia's license policy applies to any modified materials. CMS and mp3 do not allow you to do it yourself, but we can prepare specific materials for you. Please contact us via email or using the "Generic communication form" above.

This may be possible or not, depending on intellectual property rights of third parties (e.g., the composer, the author of the keyboard reduction, etc.). Please contact us via email or using the generic communication form above.

Training aids produced by Choralia are provided "as they are", without any form of warranty. As all training aids are available for downloading free of charge, the user is supposed to try them autonomously, and determine whether they are adequate for the user's purposes or not. Use of training aids produced by Choralia implies the acceptance of the materials and of the license conditions "as they are".

We use specific technologies to minimize the number of errors (wrong note pitch, start time, or duration) present in our training aids. However, it is impossible to guarantee 100% error-free materials. Error ratio is estimated to vary from 10e-3 (i.e., one wrong note every one thousand notes) to 10e-5 (i.e., one wrong note every 100 thousand notes), depending on the availability of alternative sources to cross-check our materials. Error notifications are welcome, and errors are corrected as soon as possible. Please contact us via email or using the "Error notification form" form above. After the appropriate checks, an up-dated version of the training aids, including the relevant corrections, will be published.

Any personal information are treated in compliance with the applicable data protection laws and norms. Email addresses collected are never provided to others without authorization.

Please contact us via email or using the generic communication form above.